M.I.T Application for MBA Program †Example Essay

M.I.T Application for MBA Program †Example Essay Free Online Research Papers M.I.T Application for MBA Program Example Essay 1. Clarify how the MIT Sloan MBA Program’s center around advancement will assist you with accomplishing your profession objectives. I generally recall my expired dad continually lamenting his failure to make change. My dad has instructed me that despite the fact that you might be in front of others by strolling, you are still behind in light of the fact that the others are running. My late dad dealt with the xxx Corporation. In 19xx, He couldn't instantly get ready for the new progression of westernization into Korea, for example, the firm’s data framework, westernization of employees’corporate culture; affirmation of the trade guild, new ordered customer’s appearance, and westernization of the assembling. My dad who had dealt with the firm for a long time with dynamic exertion was confronted with misfortune. At long last, his enterprise was to be excused. Alongside his disappointments, he contributed his works of musings to numerous spots. His compositions stressed that a firm that has not experienced change is destined to be a firm that will undoubtedly come up short. My destiny has consistently been to turn into an incredible agent in light of the fact that since the time my youth days, my dad gave perpetual talks concerning a businessman’s mentality. Before my dad died, he left me a message saying, â€Å"the key to a firm’s endurance is innovation.† I will prize his words for eternity. From my late father’s extraordinary impact, I chose to work for xxx upon graduation from undergrad contemplates. While utilized at xxx, I generally remembered the conceivable outcomes of progress and advancement of my work, the firm’s approaches, and current authoritative issues. I convinced the administrators and the top officials, who were stuck on the idea of conventional dynamic systems, face the requirement for advancement by tolerating the trade guild, through conversations and arrangements with my contributed endeavors into expanding profitability. I additionally proposed for the ‘xxx Project’ with key plan to the CEO administrators who were just happy with the fixed salary of nonstop OEM creation. I was assessed and supplemented that the proposition not just carried incredible open doors for the firm to solely make and build up the brand in itself, however an extraordinary open door for the firm to investigate the outside market. From that point, I made another activity to enhancing a large portion of the ventures, for example, hierarchical cutting back, transferal of workers, renewal of tyranny in the administration, appropriation of the ERP framework, and representative preparing for acquiring data, that xxx was after for 18 months since 19xx. I played out these errands healthil y. In spite of the fact that there were numerous issues and numerous who contradicted my proposition for the firm’s development, xxx had an extraordinary basic vision as far as making the firm’s brand in itself and regarding investigating the outside market without precedent for a long time. At the point when I left the organization, there were numerous representatives who were happy to confront the adjustments in business condition all the more emphatically with more noteworthy future vision for the organization. I firmly accept that advancement and inventiveness are significant apparatuses for the 21st century agent. So as to make due in the business world, a firm ought to have the option to change quickly as per the 21st century howdy tech data society of the Internet. In the event that a firm can't alter under such conditions of innovative, the firm can't endure. To turn out to be such a businessperson who can rapidly adjust to these changes, I picked Sloan. Sloan†™s program will empower me to turn into an agent who sees the significance of advancement and administration in the business world. All the more significantly, I accept that Sloan will give me the sort of hardware to move forward in the field of key arranging and showcasing, authoritative plan and change the executives. 2. Depict a circumstance where you presented or potentially oversaw change in an association. Disclose to us how you affected others in an association (business, school, extracurricular movement) and remark on the expert as well as close to home ascribes you used to do that and how these characteristics (an others) may be critical to the accomplishment of your vocation objectives. How would you expect the Sloan School to promote the improvement of these qualities? The most critical improvement that I have made while utilized at xxx was the ‘xxx Project’, which started in February of 19xx, to build up a vital arrangement so as to turn into a worldwide venture, for example, xxx or xxx. xxx that started to create the xxx 21 years back set up the task dependent on the conventional example of the OEM send out. The executive of xxx improvement who had worked for the organization for more than 9 years was negative in making the company’s brand and the assessment of the larger part was that such a venture was too hazardous to even consider producing an item in rivalry with worldwide brands. In spite of the negative feelings around me, I presented the proposition for the xxx and I demanded that xxx make its’ own image picture and challenge the worldwide market. Since x outside organizations, for example, xxx and xxx hold over xx% of the residential market up to 19xx, it is difficult to make the company’s brand name and create innovation later on if the item doesn't create or if the organization keeps on building up the item dependent on the OEM framework. There was likewise a likelihood that even our involved market in the residential market would be denied from those outside organizations. In view of these realities, I demanded innovation collaboration with xxx that brags xx years greatness, creating innovation, making circulation directs and auxiliaries in the industrialized nations including the U.S., and engaging in the worldwide market vivaciously. My report welcomed on numerous discussions about the practicality and the speculation standpoint for 10 months of cutting edge xxx advancement process. At the point when the CEO administrators upheld my proposition, the firm chose to spread out the xxx advancement process for x years and take its’ brand abroad with a key aim. I discovered that a gifted representative ought to have precise judgment with obvious assets and have clear vision for future turn of events. One of the basic factors that drove the firm to deliberately contend in the worldwide market was that my â€Å"xxx†for 4 months, had the option to strike down the entirety of the negative suppositions with my particular information and nitty grit ty methodology. This experience has urged me to proceed with my investigations in an American doctoral level college so as to learn progressively point by point systematic methodology and increase the information behind powerful administration technique. Sloan has all the significant necessities to satisfy my requirements. I unequivocally accept that Strategic Management and Consulting Track of Sloan have assorted assets for businesspeople, for example, innovative work, fund, human asset the board, and showcasing. These significant assets will empower me to accomplish my objective to turning into a CEO of an enterprise. Program of Sloan gives both business enterprise and initiative. I unequivocally accept that Sloan is the best master's level college of business for me just as future representatives. Introductory letter Since I had worked in the xxx branch of xxx, whose yearly pay was $xx million in 19xx, my serious issue was an absence of information in Finance and Management. Upon graduation from undergrad examines, I was utilized in the Management Planning Team. Since I didn't have the foundation in business organization from studying xxx Literature in undergrad, I understood the trouble in getting a handle on the idea of general organization matters, promoting examination, and setting up the short and long haul showcasing plan. At the point when I took an interest later on improvement of xxx and deals venture for 10 months that started in February 19xx, I understood that I was unequipped for effectively playing out my obligations as an Assistant Manager with 8 staff individuals for a task in which the organization intensely relied on. It was then that I had acknowledged what uncommon ability was expected to turn into a fruitful supervisor. For example, while breaking down xxx, xxx’s mecha nical bit of leeway and promoting systems, I understood the significance of picking up Marketing Research and Strategy. I likewise understood the significance of Financial Management and Corporate Financial Policies when arranging deals and promoting systems for the future deals of xxx and techniques for expanding our market. Through these encounters, I turned out to be emphatically roused to applying to your school. In the event that I am given the chance, I might want to examine Corporate Finance and Financial Strategy. In my circumstance that I should return to the xxx, and join the supervisory group, without the information on account, I couldn't effectively deal with the organization and be a clumsy agent. I might want to concentrate my examinations on subjects identifying with Entrepreneurship and Marketing. I accept that I am able to be serious among your understudies since I have earned an authentication of Accounting and Finance,sponsored by the xxx. Alongside this fundamental foundation, I am as of now contemplating Finance as an alumni understudy at the xxx University Business School. Sloan is top decision for two fundamental reasons. As a matter of first importance, Sloan offers assorted courses for a specialist who needs development and administration that are not offered at the xxx University. Second explanation is the numerous preferences that can be offered from the area of your school, with overall serious partnerships assembled in New York and Boston zones. Upon graduation from the Sloan School, I intend to be the most agent individual at xxx by learning and applying the methodologies of these enormous developing worldwide enterprises in East Coast territory, and if conceivable I might want to dissect our competi

Founding Fathers of Psychology Essay Example for Free

Establishing Fathers of Psychology Essay These four men that we are going to discuss are a portion of the, if not the most notable individuals in brain science. One created brain research as a way of thinking and distributed the principal book regarding the matter which opened the entryway for another to build up his hypotheses. A long time after the book came out another scholar was propelled to investigate the human psyche and this time with an all the more deductively basic brain and approach, there was a typical explanation individuals had issue, he simply was not positive what. This lead two of his understudies to proceed onward and one spotlight on the individual versus what the larger part has an issue with and ensured that treatment concentrated on them. The second glanced more top to bottom into what normally came into our psyche and how that influenced us and our turn of events. These were the non-official establishing fathers of brain science. This man never at any point rehearsed medication yet, subsequent to moving on from Harvard he proceeded to turn into a persuasive individual in brain research (Stone, 2000). Notwithstanding numerous different things that William James did to help with the field of brain science, particularly the mental parts of religion he additionally fiddled with the utilization of logical strategies to examine the generally immaculate profound and clairvoyant domain. He was additionally the first to battle for brain research to be perceived as a science, everybody after him has him to thank for the differentiation as a science (Croce, 2010). The manner in which he battled was only an increasingly unconventional method of going about it, he didn't care to be called analyst, in certainty he favored the term savant (Goodwin, 2008). He in the end built up a place that would turn into the establishment for the practical clinicians, this was known as sober mindedness. This depended on the conviction that an individual had power over what they do and life changes those encounters. This lead to a book that would change the manner in which individuals took a gander at brain research as something to pay attention to, the Principles of Psychology turned into the primary course reading type distribution regarding this matter which prompted individuals like Sigmund Freud and others to build up their hypotheses also. Freud is one of the most well known of all, when anybody considers brain science that has not glancing inside and out into its history will consistently consider Freud. Freud was not as far as possible individuals depict him either if something appeared to be unreasonably harming for his patient it was halted (Chessick, 2000). Analysis is difficult for everybody on the circumstance since it delves profound into what makes an individual demonstration the manner in which they do. Freud was said to have a special way to deal with his patients for his time span. He understood that when an individual discovers some new information or encounters something new it does without a doubt change something about that individual, he additionally realized that the past had something do with it and that there were layers of cognizance to an individual that has an impact too. He made them a piece of their treatment and tuned in to what they asked for from their treatment as opposed to directing to them what they ought to do to pass the time (Frank, 2008). He needed his patients to have the option to be free with themselves and learning their own impediments that may shield them from accomplishing something that they ought to do to pass the time. He needed them to be their own individual and not kept down by whatever has carried them to him. Freud himself concentrated more on doling out a general purpose behind individuals to carry on the manner in which they did which is the thing that affected his understudies to stretch out. Alfred Adler joined Freud’s psychoanalytic development in 1902, yet he left the gathering in 1911 due to diligent conflicts with Freudian hypothesis (Overholser, 2010). This methodology that Adler made was known as the Individualistic methodology this methodology centers exclusively around the patient and what encounters have molded them through an incredible span. This is one of the most inside and out approaches to psychoanalyze individuals, understanding the apparent blemish in Freud’s hypothesis; he investigated what made the individual interesting and how that changed their human experience. This improves the one so that in the long run that one will go out into society and become liable for themselves and each other as great individuals from it. Adler kept on accepting that Freud had made a point by glancing back at ones adolescence for answers but instead than concentrating on the sexual root to the issue, he concentrated on the sentiments that came out of a circumstance (Lafountain, 2009). For instance, on the off chance that one grew up reluctant to assume responsibility for circumstances since another person consistently did it for them, they could experience difficulty further down the road attempting to be accountable for themselves or others. In the wake of concentrating with Freud he proceeded to concentrate on how society influences an individual and how that individual capacities in the public eye. He accepted there were three things an individual expected to achieve in life to be a solid socially disapproved of individual. First is the errand of discovering how to endure, a vocation, keeping up ones house, the dependable things. Second is participating and being polite just as aware to society. Third are personal connections, having youngsters, companions, a mate. Each of the three of these were vital to being a typically working individual in the public arena (Lafountain, 2010). Fundamentally an individual is interesting in about all parts of their life and that should be considered in every single case from brain science to educating in light of the fact that not every person is going to fit together well. Carl Jung, as with Adler was roused and impacted by Freud in the early long stretches of his profession and similarly as with that came the inevitable difference and him heading out in his own direction. He reclassified some of terms that we are increasingly acquainted with today. He gave us the terms; contemplative person, outgoing individual, cognizant, oblivious, aggregate oblivious, persona, original, and all the more significantly mind. These were terms to streamline and group various procedures going on in the mind at some random second, one of the other increasingly significant and less obvious is the hypothesis of aggregate obviousness, this is the conviction that on the whole people have a mental information that they can draw on that is innate in our hereditary make-up (Carter, 2011). This was firmly trailed by the prime examples which without aggregate oblivious as a hypothesis would not be plausible, the originals are what those musings are comprised of in the aggregate oblivious, something like intrinsic nature that says we are characteristically expected to fear things that would do us hurt. Examining this brings out what is instinctual in people versus what is something that they know about doing, much like Freud’s subliminal idea hypothesis. Both concurred that there are things that are in people that are oblivious and simply occur and those should have been examined and comprehended too (Carter, 2010). Jungian adherents accepted that like Freud dreams had meaning yet in Jung’s school this permitted the individual examining the fantasies to free partner the significance dependent on their own insight into folklore and life versus what might be from the individual who is being broke down own life. The idea was that aggregate oblivious would make the examiner arrive at the right resolution dependent on oblivious contemplations going to and fro between the two. These four people molded brain research as what it is today, the two of them in a roundabout way and straightforwardly affected each other in any event, when some of them never met and history has reduced their achievements. James began everything with the psyche of a logician who appreciated the solidness of what science demonstrated yet in addition the secret of what it left open. Freud was a thinker who thought more as a researcher and hence opened that the cerebrum has shrouded data in it that should have been found to realize what makes an individual themselves. This drove Jung and Adler to take his beliefs and develop them where they concurred and where they oppose this idea. Without them brain research would not be the place it is today and you can see small amounts of what they contributed since its commencement. . References Carter, D. (2011). CARL JUNG IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY. Contemporary Review, 293(1703), 441. Chessick, R. D. (2000). Analysis at the Millennium. American Journal Of Psychotherapy, 54(3), 277. Croce, P. J. (2010). Coming to past Uncle William: A time of William James in principle and throughout everyday life. History Of Psychology, 13(4), 351-377. doi:10. 1037/a0021106 Frank, G. (2008). A reaction to The significance of Sigmund Freud for the 21st century. . Psychoanalytic Psychology, 25(2), 375-379. doi:10. 1037/0736-9735. 25. 2. 375 Goodwin, C. J. (2008). A History of Modern Psychology (third ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Lafountain, R. (2009). Alfred Adlers Place in the Field of Psychology. Washington, District of Columbia, US: APA Division 1, Society for General Psychology. Overholser, J. C. (2010). Psychotherapy that endeavors to support social intrigue: A reproduced meet with Alfred Adler. Diary Of Psychotherapy Integration, 20(4), 347-363. doi:10. 1037/a0022033 Stone, A. A. (2000). Pictures in psychiatry: William James, 1842-1910. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(10), 1583-1583. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com/docview/220496188? accountid=35812.

Parents With ADHD Raising Children With ADHD

Parents With ADHD Raising Children With ADHD ADHD Parenting Print Parents and Children Who Both Have ADHD By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on November 12, 2019 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD Updated on January 02, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Hero Images / Getty Images ADHD runs in families. That means that a child with ADHD is likely to have a mom or dad with the same disorder. Its critically important that the parentâ€"as well as the childâ€"be diagnosed and treated. Why Parenting Is so Tough When You and Your Child Have ADHD Parenting a child, any child, is a difficult task, to begin with. When you have a child with ADHD you are parenting a child who has greater demands, needs more involvement, and requires greater patience and understanding by the parent.? Add to the mix additional  siblings of the ADHD child  and conflicts, attention pulled in different directions, feelings of resentment by the child who requires less attentionâ€"all these factors combine to create a parenting role that can quickly become overwhelming. When a parent has undiagnosed ADHD, the difficulty level is ratcheted up even higher. If an ADHD parents child also has ADHD, there can often be significant dysfunction within the family. A parent with untreated ADHD will certainly have a hard time following through with treatment recommendations for the childâ€"keeping track of a child’s prescription, filling the prescription, administering the child’s medication on a regular schedule, keeping track of when the prescription needs refilling, creating routines and structure at home, implementing and following through with behavioral or reward programs at home, etc. If a parent has ADHD, that parent may also have a very difficult time being consistent with their child. Parenting skills will be affected by the parents own ADHD. Studies show that parents with ADHD tend to provide less supervision, have more difficulty keeping tabs on their children and knowing where they are and are less adept at creative problem-solving. If an issue or problem comes up, parents with ADHD tend to address it the same way again and again rather than thinking of other ways to handle the situation more effectively. It is often difficult for those with ADHD to be flexible in their approaches to parenting. Identifying and Treating Adult ADHD Is Key In the past, ADHD was mainly considered an academic or school issue for children. ADHD, however, is a 24 hour a day condition. It not only impairs school or work functioning it also can have a significant impact on families and social relationships. There is even a high incidence of divorce in families in which a member has ADHD. When a child is first diagnosed with ADHD, it is important to also screen the rest of the family to determine whether additional family members have ADHD. Once family members with ADHD are diagnosed, treatment can beginâ€"and other family members can begin to make sense of the challenges theyve been encountering. By properly identifying ADHD in individuals, treatment can be so much more effective and family life much more joyful.

Invisible Man By Ralph Ellison - 1586 Words

The Invisible Man spends the whole book, Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, trying to come to terms with his identity, throughout the book he continues to learn and discover who he is. Ellison uses Invisible Man’s (IM’s) briefcase as a symbol of oppression throughout the novel, while he uses the briefcase to contrast IM’s sense of self-empowerment and his actuality of being used and controlled. Right after the invisible man’s story starts, he receives a briefcase after he is forced to participate in a fight. When he receives the briefcase he is in an uncomfortable situation and desperately wants to leave the area and forget that he had to fight and following that by giving a speech to privileged white people. He made a speech as a†¦show more content†¦This gives the briefcase meaning, although superficial, but because he got it out of a troublesome situation for himself and kept it to define himself and how he will act starts off his self-discovery in a negative light. The briefcase started a pattern of the Invisible man having supposed important roles in what he becomes a part of. When he goes to the college, he leads a white trustee around, which seems like a big honor and he is the one that receives this. Which leads to him realizing that it was not about him, it was about making a good impression for the college. When he enters the brotherhood it’ s not about him, the brotherhood uses him to wreck havoc. This is what his identity becomes based on starting with the briefcase and setting up how other people in the book use him throughout. The briefcase sets up his future throughout the book. Similarly, later on in the book when he acquires the doll that Clifton was doing a puppet show with he keeps it, resulting in a further attachment to pieces that seem to give him significance or identity. This doll connects the invisible man to Clifton, one of his best friends from the brotherhood. When the IM gets the doll he sees Clifton is performing with them after he left the brotherhood he goes to crush the doll because he is upset with what he has done but an old lady stops him and he takes the doll. â€Å"I dropped it in the pocket where I carried Brother Tarp s chain link and started after the vanishedShow MoreRelatedInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison1366 Words   |  6 Pagesfighter left standing, amidst unbridled carnage. The titular narrator of Ralph Ellison s novel Invisible Man, is no stranger to those experiences. In the beginning, he is forced to fight several other black boxers for the amusement of many heckling, white spectators. Through the imaginative use of object s, symbols, allusions, and the actions, thoughts, and purposes of the spectators, pugilists and risquà © entertainment, Ellison seeks to express a powerful image of American race relations and womenRead MoreInvisible, Invisible Man, By Ralph Ellison1994 Words   |  8 PagesInvisible Race and Gender in Invisible Man, by Ralph Ellison In Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, the unnamed narrator shows us through the use motifs and symbols how racism and sexism negatively affect the social class and individual identity of the oppressed people. Throughout the novel, the African American narrator tells us the story of his journey to find success in life which is sabotaged by the white-dominated society in which he lives in. Along his journey, we are also shown how the patriarchyRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison1246 Words   |  5 Pagesauthor of Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison, was born March 1st, 1914, and died April 16, 1994. He was born in Oklahoma City and named after Ralph Waldo Emerson, a famous journalist and poet. When Ellison was 3, his father died of a work-related accident, leaving his mother to care for him and his younger brother. As a young boy, he always wanted to major in music, and he went to Tuskegee University to become a composer and performer of music. The summer before his senior year in college, Ellison went toRead MoreThe Invisible Man By Ralph Ellison Essay2164 Words   |  9 Pagestrying to rebel against the status quo. Protest literature emerged from the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920’s to 1930’s. Protest literature is used to address real socio-political issues and express objections against them. In his novel, The Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison exposes the racism in society by focusing on the culture, in regards to the expected assimilation of African Americans and how the time period largely influenced the mistreatment of the African American population. He also uses symbolsRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison1277 Words   |  6 PagesInvisible Man, by Ralph Ellison, is a story about a young African American man whose color renders him invisible. The theme of racism as a hurdle to individual identity is present throughout the story in a variety of examples. From the beginning of the novel the theme of identity is evident as the narrator states, †Å"All my life I had been looking for something, and everywhere I turned someone tried to tell me what I was† (Ellison, p. 1254). In the midst of living in a racist American society the speakersRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison909 Words   |  4 PagesInvisible Man by Ralph Ellison is a novel which embodies the universal theme of self-discovery, of the search to figure out who one truly is in life which we all are embarked upon. Throughout the text, the narrator is constantly wondering about who he really is, and evaluating the different identities which he assumes for himself. He progresses from being a hopeful student with a bright future to being just another poor black laborer in New Your City to being a fairly well off spokesperson for aRead MoreThe Invisible Man By Ralph Ellison977 Words   |  4 PagesBook Review: Invisible Man Invisible Man is an American Literature novel published by Ralph Ellison in 1952. The novel traces the experiences of a young college black man growing up in Harlem, New York. Attempting to succeed in a predominantly white society, the narrator encounters shocks and disillusionments from being expelled from college to hiding in an underground hole to protect himself from the people above. He lives a repressed life as an â€Å"Invisible Man† for he believes that society ignoresRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison1032 Words   |  5 Pageslike modern society some people leads, and others will follow. Subjects will conditionally generate their own ideas and realize these ideas rather than just be assigned tasks that question their beliefs. The author Ralph Ellison illustrates it best. Ellison’s realistic fiction Invisible Man perpetuates the manifestation of manipulation over the minorities in this society. As the narrator embraces every identity he has been given, h e starts to become more independent, and a leader in his community. Read MoreThe Invisible Man By Ralph Ellison3051 Words   |  13 Pagesportrayed through the narrator’s, the invisible man, journey through life. The problems with society are foreshadowed by the racism and the symbols of the color white presented in the paint plant. â€Å"The Invisible Man† by Ralph Ellison depicts the African Americans struggle to be viewed as an equal member of society through the narrators struggles through life to discover his individuality or place in society while the white man or the community conspires to â€Å"keep the black man down†. The story follows theRead MoreInvisible Man By Ralph Ellison1481 Words   |  6 PagesInvisible Man is a novel by Ralph Ellison, published in 1952. It addresses many of the social and intellectual issues facing African-Americans in the early twentieth century. This includes black nationalism, the relationship between black identity a nd Marxism, and the reformist racial policies of Booker T. Washington, as well as issues of individuality and personal identity. The grandson of slaves, Ralph Ellison was born in 1914 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and was raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma. His

Rhinoceros Facts

There are five species of Rhinoceroses—Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis, Rhinoceros unicornis, R. sondaicos, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis—and for the most part, they live in widely separated ranges. By most counts, there are less than 30,000 rhinoceroses alive today, a steep plunge in population for a mammal that has existed on the earth, in one form or another, for 50 million years. Fast Facts: Rhinoceros Scientific Name: Five species are Ceratotherium simum, Diceros bicornis, Rhinoceros unicornis, R. sondaicos, Dicerorhinus sumatrensisCommon Name: White, Black, Indian, Javan, SumatranBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 4–15 feet tall, 7–15 feet long, depending on speciesWeight: 1,000–5,000 poundsLifespan: 10–45 yearsDiet:  HerbivoreHabitat: Subharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinentPopulation: 30,000Conservation Status: Three species are Critically Endangered (Javan, Sumatran, black), one is Vulnerable (Indian), one is Near Threatened (white) Description Rhinoceroses are perissodactyls, or odd-toed ungulates, a family of mammals characterized by their herbivorous diets, relatively simple stomachs, and ​an odd number of toes on their feet (one or three). The only other perissodactyls on earth today are horses, zebras, and donkeys (all belonging to genus Equus), and the strange, pig-like mammals known as tapirs.  Rhinoceroses are characterized by their large sizes, quadrupedal postures, and single or double  horns on the ends of their snouts—the name rhinoceros is Greek for nose horn. These horns probably evolved as a sexually selected characteristic—that is, males with bigger, more prominent horns were more successful with females during mating season. Considering how big they are, rhinoceroses have unusually small brains—no more than a pound and a half in the largest individuals, and about five times smaller than a comparably sized elephant. That is a common attribute in animals which have elaborate anti-predator defenses like body armor: their encephalization quotient (the relative size of an animals brain compared to the rest of its body) is low. WLDavies/Getty Images   Species There are five extant rhino species—the white rhinoceros, black rhinoceros, Indian rhinoceros, Javan rhinoceros, and Sumatran rhinoceros. The largest rhinoceros species, the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) consists of two subspecies—the southern white rhinoceros, which lives in the southernmost regions of Africa, and the northern white rhinoceros of central Africa. There are about 20,000 southern white rhinoceroses in the wild, the males of which weigh over two tons, but the northern white rhinoceros is on the brink of extinction, with a mere handful of individuals surviving in zoos and nature reserves. No one is quite sure why C. simum is called white—this may be a corruption of the Dutch word wijd, which means wide (as in widespread), or because its horn is lighter than that of other rhinoceros species. Actually brown or grey in color, the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) used to be widespread across southern and central Africa, but today its numbers have dwindled to about half those of the southern white rhinoceros. (In Greek, bicornis means two-horned; an adult black rhinoceros has a larger horn toward the front of its snout, and a narrower one directly behind.) Black rhinoceros adults rarely exceed two tons in weight, and they browse on shrubs rather than grazing on grass like their white cousins. There used to be a bewildering number of black rhinoceros subspecies, but today the International Union for the Conservation of Nature recognizes only three, all of them seriously endangered. The Indian or greater one-horned rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis, used to be thick on the ground in India and Pakistan until a combination of hunting and habitat destruction restricted its numbers to the puny 4,000 or so individuals alive today. Full-grown Indian rhinos weigh between three and four tons and are characterized by their long, thick, black horns, which are prized by unscrupulous poachers. On a historical note, the Indian rhinoceros was the first rhino to be seen in Europe, a single individual shipped to Lisbon in 1515. Plucked from its natural habitat, this unfortunate rhino quickly died, but not before it had been immortalized in a woodcut by Albrecht Durer, the sole reference point for European  enthusiasts until another Indian rhino arrived in England in 1683. One of the rarest mammals in the entire world, the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicos) consists of a few dozen individuals living on the western edge of Java (the largest island in the Indonesian archipelago). This cousin of the Indian rhinoceros (same genus, different species) is slightly smaller, with a comparably smaller horn, which has not, sadly, prevented it from being hunted to near-extinction by poachers. The Javan rhinoceros used to be widespread across Indonesia and southeast Asia; one of the key factors in its decline was the Vietnam War, in which millions of acres of habitat were destroyed by incendiary bombing and poisoning of vegetation by the herbicide called Agent Orange. Also known as the hairy rhinoceros, the Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is almost as endangered as the Javan rhinoceros, with which it once shared the same territory of Indonesia and Southeast Asia. Adults of this species rarely exceed 2,000 pounds in weight, making it the smallest living rhinoceros. Unfortunately, as with the Javan rhinoceros, the relatively short horn of the Sumatran rhinoceros hasnt spared it from the depredations of poachers: The powdered horn of a Sumatran rhino commands over $30,000 per kilogram on the black market. Not only is D. sumatrensis the smallest rhino, but its also the most mysterious. This is by far the most vocal rhino species and herd members communicate with one another via yelps, moans, and whistles. Habitat and Range Rhinoceroses are native to Subharan Africa, Southeast Asia, Indian subcontinent, depending on their species. They live in a variety of habitats, including tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas and shrublands, tropical moist forests, and deserts and xeric shrublands. Diet Rhinos are all herbivores, but their diets depend on their habitat: Sumatran and Javan rhinos feed on tropical vegetation, including some fruits, while black rhinoceros are primarily browsers that feed on herbs and shrubs, and Indian rhinos feed on both grasses and aquatic plants. They require a great deal of time to forage and spend most of their active time doing that. Rhinos can be active day or night and generally regulate their activity depending on the weather. If its too hot or too cold, they will stay near water. Behavior If theres one place the average person does not want to be, its in the path of a stampeding rhino. When startled, this animal can hit top speeds of 30 miles per hour, and its not exactly equipped to stop on a dime (which may be one reason rhinos evolved their nasal horns as they can absorb unexpected impacts with stationary trees). Because rhinos are basically solitary animals, and because they have become so thin on the ground, its rare to see a true crash (as a group of rhinos is called), but this phenomenon has been known to occur around watering holes. Rhinos also have poorer eyesight than most animals, another reason not to linger in the path of a four-ton male on your next African safari. The closest rhinoceros bond is between a mother and her offspring. Bachelor rhinos congregate in small crashes of three to five, and sometimes as many as 10, to cooperate against predators. Rhinos may also gather around limited resources, water pools, wallows, feeding areas, and salt licks, always staying one body length apart. Reproduction and Offspring All rhinoceroses are polygamous and polyandrous—both sexes seek multiple mates. Courting and mating can occur at any time during the day. During courtship, males engage in mate-guarding behavior until the female is in full estrus and will permit males to approach her. Indian male rhinos whistle loudly to announce reproductive condition and location, six to 10 hours before breeding activity. Gestation takes 15–16 months, and by two months of age, calves are weaned and may be left alone while the female forager a few feet away. When separated temporarily, the female and her calves stay in contact through vocalizations. Calves suckle until the calf is two or the mother conceives again; they become completely independent at three years. Females become sexually mature at 5–7, and males at 10 years. Rhinos typically live between 10 and 45 years, depending on the species.   mantaphoto/Getty Images Evolutionary History Researchers trace the evolutionary lineage of modern rhinoceroses back 50 million years, to small, pig-sized ancestors that originated in Eurasia and later spread to North America. A good example is Menoceras, a tiny, four-footed plant-eater that sported a pair of small horns. The North American branch of this family went extinct about five million years ago, but rhinos continued to live in Europe until the end of the last Ice Age (at which point Coelodonta, also known as the woolly rhino, went extinct along with its fellow mammalian megafaunas like the woolly mammoth and the saber-toothed tiger). One recent rhinoceros ancestor, Elasmotherium, may even have inspired the unicorn myth, as its single, prominent horn struck awe in early human populations. Daniel Eskridge/Stocktrek Images/Getty Images Conservation Status All of the five species of rhinoceroses are listed as endangered or vulnerable ty the IUCN. Three are listed as Critically Endangered (Javan, Sumatran, and black rhinos); one is Vulnerable (Indian), and one is Near Threatened (white).   Ã‚  Klaus Vedfelt/Getty Images Threats Rhinoceroses have been continually driven relentlessly to the brink of extinction by human poachers. What these hunters are after is rhino horns, which, when ground up into powder, are valued in the east as aphrodisiacs (today, the largest market for powdered rhino horn is in Vietnam, as Chinese authorities have recently cracked down on this illicit trade). Whats ironic is that the horn of a rhinoceros is composed entirely of keratin, the same substance that makes up human hair and fingernails. Rather than continuing to drive these majestic animals into extinction, perhaps poachers can be convinced to grind up their toenail clippings and see if anyone notices the difference! Sources Emslie, R. Ceratotherium simum. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T4185A16980466, 2012.---. Diceros bicornis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T6557A16980917, 2012.  Hutchins, M., and M. D. Kreger. Rhinoceros Behaviour: Implications for Captive Management and Conservation. International Zoo Yearbook 40.1 (2006): 150-73. Print.Talukdar, B.K. et al. Rhinoceros unicornis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T19496A8928657, 2008.  van Strien, N.J. et al. Rhinoceros sondaicus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T19495A8925965, 2008.van Strien, N.J., et al. Dicerorhinus sumatrensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T6553A12787457, 2008.

Independent Behaviour Free Essays

iINDEPENDENT BEHAVIOUR (12 MARK ESSAY) Some reasons people show signs of independent behaviour (i. e. do not conform or obey) is influence by many factors, Gender being one of them. We will write a custom essay sample on Independent Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now Neto carried out the same study as Asch, but this time all the participants were female (as in Asch’s study they were all male). In Asch’s study he found that 37% of the participants conformed, whereas Neto found that 59% conformed. However Asch’s study was criticized for lacking ecological validity and Neto’s study is a replication of Asch. As the participants were not in a natural situation Linz and Semykina took data from a survey of over 2,600 Russian employees between 2000 and 2003. They found that men are more likely to have internal Locus of Control and a need for challenge and women more likely to exhibit external locus of control and need for affiliation (belonging to a group). High Internal females earned more than external women. The fact there is a large sample size of 2600 means the findings are reliable, good sample size. However it can be argued that there is a potential cultural bias as the data was only taken from Russian employees. When Asch debriefed his participants, he found a common factor of confidence in the people who hadn’t conformed if someone felt confident in their judgments; they were more able to resist group pressure. This idea is supported by Perin and Spencer’s study. They replicated Asch’s study with engineering students. Conformity levels were much lower. Perin and Spencer attributed this to the fact that engineers had confidence in their skills in making accurate observations. How to cite Independent Behaviour, Papers

Recording, Analysing and using HR information free essay sample

It is extremely important for all organisations to record and store data for a number of reasons, one significant reason being to satisfy legal requirements. Government agencies such as HMRC, Department of Work Pensions and the Health Safety Executive to name but a few, can demand information from organisations at any time. Pay, tax and employee data needs to be accurately recorded and monitored by HR, in order to ensure employees are being treated fairly and organisations are compliant. Relevant legislation would include the National Minimum Wage Act 1998 with regard to pay, working hours are restricted under the Working Time regulations and safe working practices and conditions are outlined under the Health Safety at work Act 1974. Failure to comply with this legislation can lead to errors, accidents, increased absence, breakdown of the psychological contract, poor employee engagement, poor retention rates, a bad corporate reputation and can result in serious financial consequences such as fines, legal action or closure of business in extreme cases. Another reason that organisations collect HR data is for monitoring levels of employee sickness and absence. According to the CIPD’s 2013 Annual Survey Report on Absence Management, organisations reported employees absent between 6 and 8. 7 days each per annum at an average annual cost to the business of ? 595 per employee due to a lack of resource and productivity. As can be seen, hours lost due to sickness and absence can cost organisations a huge amount of time and money every year and attendance data collected can be used for Occupational Health investigations or capability reviews with the employee, especially should multiple instances of absence occur or a pattern emerges. Attendance data can also help to spot patterns and trends which can pinpoint other less obvious causes for absence. Poor line management, workplace bullying, poor motivation, a training need or a welfare issue can often be the cause of recurrent, short term absence and once highlighted, HR can intervene to offer practical support, advice and guidance to both employees and line managers in order to rectify these issues before they escalate further. Organisations store data collected in two ways. Before the technology boom in the late nineties, manual files (that are written or printed) were widely used but are now less popular, specially in large organisations that are heavily reliant upon technology. The benefits of manual files are that they are cheap to compile with little or no training required to extract information from them. However the downside being they take a large amount of space to store, they have little or no security and if they are destroyed or damaged, the information is permanently lost. Electronic storage on computer hard drives, shared drives, memory sticks, internet, intranet, dvd and so on is now the preferred method due to the many benefits. It is easier to input and update information on a computer, the information can be quickly distributed to a vast amount of recipients via email, can be easily manipulated and formatted for reporting purposes in various applications, doesn’t take up any physical office space and can be secured and protected via encryption programmes or passwords. Of course, data can be highly sensitive, confidential and valuable and therefore it is crucial organisations are responsible and compliant when collecting, storing and using this information. There are many pieces of legislation that relate to this such as Limitation Act 1980, The Data Protection Act 1998, Human Rights Act 1998, Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, Freedom of Information Act 2000, Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 Part 11, Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations 2004, the Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006 and the UK Borders Act 2007. Two pieces of legislation in particular which are relevant to the everyday uses of HR data within organisations are the Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) and Freedom of Information Act 2000 (FOIA). The DPA states that the processing of automated and manual data must comply with seven principles; the data must be used fairly and lawfully, used for limited, specifically stated purposes, used in a way that is relevant and not excessive, must be accurate and up to date, kept no longer than necessary, handled according to data protection rights, kept safe secure and must not be transferred outside the UK without adequate protection. There are guidelines produced by the Information Commissioner detailing the best practice for handling data and maintaining compliance in four areas; Recruitment Selection, Employment records, Monitoring at work and Information about workers health. Subject to certain exceptions (as detailed in Schedule 7 of the Data Protection Act 1998) employees have the right to access their records and also employers must seek the permission of he individual concerned before releasing any information to a 3rd party. Under the DPA, employers must keep certain data for specific statutory periods of time and once this has expired destruction of data must take place securely and effectively. The FOIA 2000 relates only to information gathered, stored and used in the Public sector (NHS, Government departments, Local Authorities, Police forces etc) and information held in the private sector on behalf of public organisations. It aims to improve accountability and provide transparency within organisations that spend public money. This gives the public the right to access all information including emails, documents, letters and notes, without any relation to themselves and without needing to provide a reason. The request can be denied only if it contravenes the Data Protection Act, harms national security or is not in the ‘public interest’ but even then a refusal has to be valid, reasonable, explained and an edited version released.